0 Annihilationism Error: Hebrew Word Definition Charts

Question

What do the Hebrew and Greek words means in reference to the false doctrine of Annihilationism?

Answer

Some "teachers" are twisting, turning, and torturing many words in the Hebrew and Greek language and stating that they mean "total annihilation or nothingness" - "ceasing to even exist," as they relate to the Doctrine of Hell.

Regarding the Doctrine of Hell,
there are no words in the entire of Scripture that can be accurately
translated as "total absolute annihilation;" not one.

By: Dr. Joseph R. Nally, Jr., D.D., M.Div.

Throughout the Bible, Hebrew and Greek words interpreted as "destroy," "destruction," "perish," "kill," and "death," as they relate to Hell, never mean "to go into absolute nothingness or oblivion," but rather they mean "eternal" or "forever and ever" ongoing "everlasting" conscious "destruction" (Phil 3:19; 1 Thess 5:3; 2 Thess 1:9; 2:8; Rev 14:11; 20:10-15, et. ). The "gloom of utter darkness" (Jude 1:13; cf. 1:6) refers to being cut off entirely from God, who is "light" (John 1:9; 8:12; 1 Tim 6:16; Jas 1:17; 1 John 1:5; cf. Isa 9:2; John 3:20; Acts 26:18; 1 Thess 5:5). The word "gloom" in Jude 1:13 refers to "a state of depression or despondency." To be in a "state of depression" one must be alive! 

Words such as "cut off" (Exod 31:14-15; Lev 23:29-30; Rom 11:22, 24; Gal 5:12, etc.) also do not mean "absolute nothingness," as even Jesus was "cut off" (Dan 9:26) and is alive "forevermore" (Rev 1:18). Many times the word "cut off" simply means to be cut off from Israel, its congregation, etc., (Exod 12:15, 19; 30:33, 38; 31:14; Lev 7:20, 21, 25, 27; 17:4, 10, 14; 18:29; 19:8; 23:29; Num 19:13, etc.).

One of the most celebrated defenses of Annihilationism has been from Psalm 37:20, "the wicked...they vanish-like smoke they vanish away." Sounds convincing, right? However what is the Psalm really about? The Psalm itself is not even dealing with Hell; Psalm 37:20 refers to that the fact the success, fame, and prosperity of the wicked is as temporary as mere smoke. However, let's say we desire to apply the passage to Hell anyway - we shouldn't, but since Annihilationist's already have, let's review their case from their faulty perspective. Since "smoke" is an important theme here, we should ask the obvious question, "What is smoke?" Smoke is made of two basic things: (1) little drops of water and (2) ash. First, ash can't burn! Second, the reason smoke appears to vanish away is that, as the smoke rises: (1) the droplets of liquid water change states into gas and (2) the ash joins the dust in the atmosphere. Therefore, both elements in smoke still exist, but just in different states. Therefore, there is no total annihilation! 

As the reader will observe, in the Old Testament notes below there're many that refer to "physical destruction, not eternal destruction" (i.e."devoted to destruction," or "curse;" Deut 2:34; 3:6; Judg 21:11; cf. Gal 1:8-9). Please understand that in these notes, we're not saying that those who died did or did not go to Hell or Heaven (that's another topic), but simply the context of the verse is speaking of only "physical destruction," which carries with it the idea of stopping, scattering, putting to flight, and up to and including physical death, etc. Yet, some of the "spin doctors" of the false doctrine of Annihilationism desire to use these examples of "physical destruction" and apply it to "eternal destruction." However, unless otherwise revealed in Scripture, this is not a proper application; as the Bible speaks of two different types of bodies (one that is able to die; the other is not; 1 Cor 15:44, 53) and two different types of death (one temporal and one eternal; Matt 10:28). Besides, the physical body in this world is never totally annihilated anyway; it returns to the dust from which it came (Gen 2:7; Eccl 3:20; 12:7; Psa 103:14; Isa 40:15). In addition, if we follow the Annhilationist's interpretation as such to its logical conclusion, than the wicked can send the righteous to total annhilation (absolute non-existence); 'if they totally annihilate me, they totally annhilate mel' (Est 4:16, etc.) - which is ludicrous, as the righteous know that "to be absent from the body is to be present with the Lord" (2 Cor 5:8).

There are words however in Hebrew that may be translated as "annihilate." However, when regarding the Doctrine of Hell, even they do not mean "total absolute obliteration." As the reader will discover, a word may be translated in numerous ways depending upon its context. Hopefully, these charts will serve as an aid to help keep people from the "spin zone" of false teachers (Matt 7:15; Acts 20:28-30; 2 Tim 4:3-4; 2 Pet 2:1). 

The charts below are divided into three sections: (1) text; (2) translation; and (3) comments. 

Hebrew Charts

Hebrew word "machaq" = may mean annihilate, but in context:

Text	Translation	Comments
Judg 5:26	crushed	physical destruction, not eternal

Hebrew word "shasha" = may mean annihilate, but in context:

Text	Translation	Comments
Ezek 39:2	drive	lead him about at his pleasure, and bring him out of it

Hebrew word "abad" = may mean annihilate, but in context:

Text	Translation	Comments
Exod 10:7	is destroyed?	though under God's curse, Egypt still exited; even when Pharaoh's army was drowned in Red Sea, others remained in Egypt
Lev 23:30	I will destroy	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Lev 26:38	But you will perish	reference to among the nations; up to physical destruction (enemies, flight, sword, Lev 26:34-39), not eternal
Num 16:33	them, and they perished	reference to Sheol (grave); physical destruction, not eternal
Num 17:12	we are dying	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Num17:12	dying	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Num 21:9	You are ruined	reference to Moab
Num 21:30	is ruined	regarding physical destruction in cities, not eternal
Num 24:19	And will destroy	regarding physical destruction (war in cities), not eternal
Num 33:52	you, and destroy	reference destruction of figured stones
Num 33:52	and destroy	reference destruction of metal images
Deut 4:26	that you will surely	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 4:26	perish	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 7:10	to destroy	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 7:20	themselves from you perish	reference to driving out enemies
Deut 7:24	perish	referencing to destroying another's name
Deut 8:19	that you will surely	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 8:19	perish	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 8:20	makes	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 8:20	to perish	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 9:3	them out and destroy	regarding destroying out enemies; some in the enemies camp still lived (Rahab); physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 11:4	destroyed	referring to the drowning of Pharaoh's army in Red Sea; many still alive in Egypt; physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 11:17	and you will perish	regarding physical destruction (no rain = famine), not eternal
Deut 12:2	You shall utterly	reference to the destruction of idols, high places; but they still existed at least as dust or chunks of rock
Deut 12:2	destroy	reference to the destruction of idols, high places; but they still existed at least as dust or chunks of rock; just no longer useful for false worship
Deut 12:3	and obliterate	reference to the destruction of idols, high places; but they still existed at least as dust or chunks of rock; just no longer useful for false worship
Deut 22:3	he has lost	reference things that are lost
Deut 26:5	was a wandering	reference to wandering Aramean
Deut 28:20	you perish	regarding physical illness and possible death ("curses, confusion, and frustration," etc,; Deut 28:20-24), not eternal
Deut 28:22	you perish	regarding physical illness and possible ("disease,""fever," "inflammation," etc.; Deut 28:20-24), not eternal
Deut 28:51	they have caused you to perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 28:63	you to make you perish	God destroyed some, not all; he was addressing survivors through Moses
Deut 30:18	that you shall surely	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 30:18	perish	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 32:28	lacking	referring to void of understanding
Josh 7:7	to destroy	regarding physical destruction, not eternal
Josh 23:13	you perish	regarding physical destruction ("land"), not eternal
Josh 23:16	against you, and you will perish	regarding physical destruction ("land"), not eternal
Judg 5:31	perish	regarding physical victory over enemies
1 Sam 9:3	were lost	reference to lost donkeys and Saul's father; they still existed, they were just lost (1 Sam 9:20)
1 Sam 9:20	which were lost	reference to lost donkeys which were found; they never ceased to exist
2 Sam 1:27	perished!	reference to weapons of war disappeared from sight; but not obliterated, etc.
2 Kings 9:8	shall perish	referencing the desertion of Ahab's line; physical destruction, not eternal
2 Kings 10:19	hat he might destroy	reference the destruction of the worshippers of Baal at certain time in history; there were still other worshippers of Baal
2 Kings 11:1	and destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
2 Kings 13:7	had destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
2 Kings 19:18	So they have destroyed	referring to destruction of idols
2 Kings 21:3	had destroyed	referring to the high places destroyed by Hezekiah
2 Kings 24:2	to destroy	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Est 3:9	that they be destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Est 3:13	and to cause to perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Est 4:7	for the destruction	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Est 4:14	will perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal and that of a particular house, not all humanity
Est 4:16	I perish	If I die a physical death, than I die a physical death
Est 4:16	I perish	If I die a physical death, than I die a physical death
Est 7:4	and to perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Est 8:5	to destroy	referencing the destruction of the Jews; physical destruction, not eternal
Est 8:11	and to annihilate	king's permission for Jews to defend themselves; physical destruction, not eternal
Est 9:6	and destroyed	referencing the destruction of some in Susa; physical destruction, not eternal
Est 9:12	and destroyed	referencing the destruction of some in Susa; physical destruction, not eternal
Est 9:24	to destroy	reference to Haman who plotted to kill the Jews physical destruction, not eternal
Est 9:24	them and destroy	reference to Haman who plotted to kill the Jews physical destruction, not eternal
Job 3:3	perish	reference the day disappearing
Job 4:7	perished	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 4:9	they perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 4:11	perishes	reference to physical weakness or destruction, not eternal
Job 4:20	they perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 6:18	and perish	references to getting lost upon the earth and perishing upon the earth
Job 8:13	will perish	reference to the hope of the godless
Job 11:20	And there will be no escape	reference to physical destruction ("breath their last"), not eternal
Job 12:23	then destroys	reference to God bringing nation of this earth to nothing
Job 14:19	So you destroy	referencing the hope of man
Job 18:17	of him perishes	referencing the memory of one perishing
Job 20:7	He perishes	reference the exulting of the wicked being sh)ort (Job 20:5)
Job 29:13	of the one ready to perish	reference blessing of him who was about to perish
Job 30:2	had perished	reference old age was perished
Job 31:19	anyone perish	references to perishing for lack of clothing
Psa 1:6	will perish	referring to eternal death forever and ever; they shall not stand in the congregation of the righteous (Psa 1:5)
Psa 2:12	and you perish	Kiss is an act of submission (cf. 1 Sam 10:1); the hostile kings of the nations must submit themselves not only to God, but also to the king of Israel, his human representative; otherwise, God will grant his people military victory over them
Psa 5:6	You destroy	referring to discipline up to and including physical death; some liars will go to Heaven other to Hell
Psa 9:3	and perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 9:5	You have destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 9:6	of them has perished	referring to the memory of the wicked perishing
Psa 9:18	perish	referring hope of the poor not perishing
Psa 10:16	have perished	referring to the wicked disappearing from the land, by many secondary causes
Psa 21:10	you will destroy	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 31:12	like a broken	referring to being emotionally broken exhausted, depressed, etc.
Psa 37:20	will perish	smoke appears to the eyes to disappear: smoke is made of ash and drops of water; ash cannot burn up; as smoke rises the water evaporates and the ash mixes with the dust; so ash and water continue to exist in a different state (1 Cor 15:44, 53)
Psa 41:5	perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 49:10	perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 68:2	perish	wicked melt like wax; as the candle burns, solid wax becomes liquid and then evaporates to become a gas; the gaseous wax burns in oxygen to produce water, carbon dioxide, heat, and light; the candle also produces carbon, in the form of the black soot on a spoon; it is glowing soot that causes the candle give out light; the small amount of wax on the spoon is the unburnt gaseous wax which has condensed on the cold spoon and turned back into solid wax; so the wax still exists in; its not totally annihilated
Psa 73:27	from you will perish	reference to eternal destruction; forever and ever (Psa 73:18-22); "far from you shall perish" = "far off" (Luke 16:19-31; cf. Luke 15:11-32 - "far county")
Psa 80:16	They perish	Psa 80:15 we see that Israel, the vine, is also God's son; Jesus the true Vine is the true and unique Son, through whom the relation of sonship is restored; the nation typified by the vine, the Israel of God, is perishing; perishing at the rebuke of God's countenance; because his favour is withdrawn from them
Psa 83:17	them perish	referring to physical destruction, not eternal (Psa 83:13-16)
Psa 92:9	will perish	reference to eternal destruction (Psa 92:7)
Psa 102:26	Even they will perish	referring to the earth getting old
Psa 122:10	will perish	referring to the desire of the wicked perishing
Psa 119:92	I would have perished	reference to both physical and eternal destruction
Psa 119:95	for me to destroy	referring to physical destruction , not eternal
Psa 119:176	like a lost	reference to sin, but not total annihilation because of it
Psa 142:4	me; There is no	reference to there being no natural refuge for safety
Psa 143:12	And destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 146:4	perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Prov 1:32	will destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Prov 10:28	perishes	reference to the hope of the wicked
Prov 11:7	will perish	reference to the hope of the wicked
Prov 11:7	perishes	reference to the hope of wealth for the wicked
Prov 11:10	perish	a city is blessed by the righteous and overthrown by; the unrighteous. The city rejoices when the righteous rule and when the unrighteous are removed from their wicked rule
Prov 19:9	will perish	reference liars will die; physical destruction, not eternal
Prov 21:28	will perish	false witness will perish; physical destruction, not eternal
Prov 28:28	themselves: but when they perish	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Prov 29:3	wastes	reference to wasting wealth
Prov 31:6	to him who is perishing	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Eccl 3:6	to give up as lost	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Eccl 5:14	were lost	reference loss of wealth in bad venture
Eccl 7:7	corrupts	reference to the corruption of bribery
Eccl 7:15	who perishes	reference to a righteous man dying
Eccl 9:6	perished	reference physical destruction, not eternal (Prov Eccl 9:5)
Eccl 9:18	destroys	reference to sinners destroying much good
Isa 28:14	them, And You have wiped	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Isa 27:13	and those who were perishing	reference to those perishing in Assyria
Isa 29:14	will perish	reference to wisdom of wise men perishing
Isa 37:19	So they have destroyed	reference to wicked idols
Isa 41:11	and will perish	reference to the plans of the wicked
Isa 57:1	perishes	reference to the righteous perishing
Isa 60:12	you will perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 1:10	to destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 4:9	will fail	reference to courage failing
Jer 6:21	will perish	reference fathers, sons, neighbors, friends perishing
Jer 7:28	has perished	reference to truth perishing
Jer 9:12	ruined	reference to the destruction of land
Jer 10:15	they will perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 12:17	and destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 15:7	I will destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 18:7	or to destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 18:18	is not going to be lost	reference to the law not perishing
Jer 23:1	who are destroying	reference to leaders scattering sheep
Jer 25:10	Moreover, I will take	reference to the voice of gladness being taken away
Jer 25:35	will perish	reference to no refuge for the shepherds
Jer 27:10	you out and you will perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 27:15	you out and that you may perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 31:28	to destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 40:15	would perish?	reference Judah perishing
Jer 46:8	I will surely destroy	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 48:8	also will be ruined	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 48:36	they have lost	reference to the perishing of riches
Jer 48:46	have perished	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 49:7	been lost	reference to counsel perishing
Jer 49:38	And destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 50:6	lost	reference to lost sheep
Jer 51:18	they will perish	reference to idols
Jer 51:55	And He will make	reference to laying waste to Babylon
Lam 2:9	He has destroyed	reference to the destruction wall of the daughter of Zion
Lam 3:18	has perished	reference to endurance perishing
Ezek 6:3	on you, and I will destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 7:26	will be lost	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 12:22	fails	reference to visions failing
Ezek 19:5	was lost	reference to losing hope
Ezek 22:27	destroying	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 25:7	and make you perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 25:16	and destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 26:17	you have perished	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 28:16	And I have destroyed	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 30:13	I will also destroy	reference to idols>
Ezek 32:13	I will also destroy	reference to destruction of beasts
Ezek 34:4	for the lost	reference not helping the lost
Ezek 34:16	the lost	reference to seeking the lost
Ezek 37:11	has perished	reference to a loss of hope
Joel 1:11	is destroyed	reference to a lost harvet
Amos 1:8	will perish	reference to the remnant of the Philistines
Amos 2:14	will perish	reference to flight perishing
Amos 3:15	will also perish	reference to great wealth perishing
Obad 1:8	Destroy	reference to destroying the wise men out of Edom
Obad 1:12	of their destruction	reference to not gloating over other's misfortune
Jonah 1:6	about us so that we will not perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jonah 1:14	do not let us perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jonah 3:9	so that we will not perish	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Jonah 4:10	and perished	reference to a perishing plant
Micah 4:9	perished	reference to counselor perishing
Micah 5:10	you And destroy	reference dusting chariots
Micah 7:2	has perished	reference to the godly perishing
Zeph 2:5	And I will destroy	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Zeph 2:13	And destroy	reference destruction of Syria
Zech 9:5	will perish	reference king shall perishing from Gaza

Hebrew word "kalah" = may mean annihilate, but in context:

Text	Translation	Comments
Gen 2:1	were completed	referring to God's work of creation; God is immanent, he is still at other work therefore not the annihilation of all God's work
Gen 2:2	completed	referring to God's work of creation; God is immanent, he is still at other work therefore not the annihilation of all God's work
Gen 6:16	and finish	about Noah finishing his work
Gen 17:22	When He finished	referring to God talking; God talked again; therefore not the annihilation of God talking
Gen 18:33	as he had finished	referring to God talking; God talked again; therefore not the annihilation of God talking
Gen 21:15	was used up	referencing water, not people
Gen 24:15	he had finished	referring to Issac talking; he would talk again; therefore not the annihilation of Issac speaking
Gen 24:19	Now when she had finished	referencing water, not people
Gen 24:19	they have finished	referencing water and camels, not people
Gen 24:22	had finished	referencing water and camels, not people
Gen 24:45	I had finished	referring to Issac speaking; he would talk again; therefore not the annihilation of Issac talking
Gen 27:30	had finished	referencing Issac believing Jacob; Isaac blesses Esau too (Gen 27:38-40); therefore this is not the annihilation of blessings
Gen 41:30	will ravage	only "seven years of famine" (Gen 41:30, 53) therefore not total annihilation
Gen 41:53	came to an end	referring to seven years of plenty
Gen 43:2	they had finished	referring to eating food, not people being annihilated
Gen 44:12	and ending	speaking of descent in order from oldest to youngest
Gen 49:33	finished	referring to Jacob talking to his sons; don't we talk to others in Heaven therefore this is not the annihilation of Jacob talking
Exod 5:13	Complete	referencing Israel completing their work; daily task
Exod 5:14	have you not completed	referencing Israel completing their work; making bricks
Exod 31:18	When He had finished	referencing Moses talking; Moses talked again later; therefore not annihilation of Moses talking
Exod 32:10	against them and that I may destroy	referring to physical destruction, not eternal; God blotted them out of the book of the physical living (Exod 32:33); he sent a plague (Exod 32:35)
Exod 32:12	and to destroy	referring to physical destruction, not eternal; God blotted them out of the book of the physical living (Exod 32:33); he sent a plague (Exod 32:35)
Exod 33:3	destroy [or consume]	referring to physical destruction, not eternal; God blotted them out of the book of the physical living (Exod 32:33); he sent a plague (Exod 32:35); use of "consume" (Exod 32:10, 12; 33:3, 5)
Exod 33:5	I would destroy [or consume]	referring to physical destruction, not eternal; God blotted them out of the book of the physical living (Exod 32:33); he sent a plague (Exod 32:35); use of "consume" (Exod 32:10, 12; 33:3, 5)
Exod 34:53	had finished	referring to Moses talking; Moses talked again later; therefore nott he annihilation of Moses talking
Exod 39:22	was completed	referring to a meeting; Israel had other meetings; therefore not the annihilation of all meetings
Exod 40:33	finished	referencing Moses finishing the work of the tabernacle; Moses did other work; therefore not the annihilation of Moses' work
Lev 16:20	When he finishes	referencing a holy day; there were other holy days; therefore not the annihilation of all holy days
Lev 19:9	thou shalt not wholly reap	referencing gleaning of crops; there would be other crops to be gleaned; therefore not the annihilation of all crops or gleaning
Lev 23:22	thou shalt not make clean riddance	referencing gleaning of crops; there would be other crops to be gleaned; therefore not the annihilation of all crops or gleaning
Lev 26:16	that will waste away	referencing wasting disease
Lev 26:44	them as to destroy	the Lord will not abhor them so as to destroy them utterly and break my covenant with them
Num 4:15	have finished	referencing covering the sanctuary
Num 7:1	had finished	referencing setting up the tabernacle
Num 16:21	that I may consume	referencing physical destruction, not eternal; earth open and swallowed them (Num 16:29-35)
Num 16:31	As he finished	referencing Moses talking; Moses talked again; therefore not the annihilation of Moses talking
Num 16:45	that I may consume	referencing physical destruction, not eternal; a plague that didn't consume all (Num 16:46-49)
Num 17:10	that you may put an end	referencing the end of grumbling; there was grumbling again; therefore not the annihilation of grumbling
Num 25:11	them, so that I did not destroy [or consume]	referencing physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 7:22	to put an end	referencing clearing away nations
Deut 20:9	have finished	referencing officers talking to the people the officers spoke again: therefore not the annihilation of the officers talking
Deut 26:12	you have finished	referencing paying all the tithe the 3rd year; Israel did this for decades; therefore not the annihilation of of 3rd year tithes
Deut 28:12	He has consumed	referencing Gods' curse of consuming the disobedient off the land
Deut 31:24	finished	referencing Moses writing the Book of the Law
Deut 32:33	on them; I will use	referencing Gods' curse up to and including physical death
Deut 32:45	had finished	referring Moses talking; Moses talked again; therefore not the annihilation of Moses talking
Josh 8:24	had finished	referencing physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Josh 10:20	had finished	referencing physical destruction ("great blow"), not eternal
Josh 19:49	When they finished	referencing apportioning the land
Josh 19:51	So they finished	referencing apportioning the land
Josh 24:20	and consume	referencing physical destruction, not eternal
Judg 3:18	he had finished	referencing presenting the tribute
Judg 15:17	When he had finished	referencing Samson talking; Samson talked again; therefore this is not the annihilation of Samson talking
Ruth 2:21	they have finished	referencing the finishing of harvest; the harvest still existed; therefore this is not the annihilation of harvests
Ruth 2:23	the end	referencing the end of barley and wheat harvests; the harvest still existed; therefore this is not the annihilation of harvests
Ruth 3:3	he has finished	referencing eating and drinking; they would eat and drink again; therefore this is not the annihilation of eating/drinking
Ruth 3:18	he has settled	referencing settling a matter
1 Sam 2:33	will fail	referencing weeping
1 Sam 3:12	to end	concerning the fulfilling of prophecy
1 Sam 10:13	When he had finished	concerning the speaking of prophecy
1 Sam 13:10	As soon as he finished	referencing finishing the burnt offering
1 Sam 15:18	they are exterminated	referencing physical destruction ("fight"), not eternal
1 Sam 18:1	about when he had finished	referencing talking; it wasn't the last time he talked; therefore not the annihilation of talking
1 Sam 20:7	that he has decided	referencing determining to evil
1 Sam 20:9	has been decided	referencing determining to evil>
1 Sam 24:16	had finished	referencing David talking; he would talk again; therefore not the annihilation of David talking
1 Sam 25:17	is plotted or determined	referencing the determining of harm of another
2 Sam 6:18	had finished	referring to offering the burnt offerings and the peace offerings
2 Sam 11:19	When you have finished	referencing a messenger telling news
2 Sam 13:36	As soon as he had finished	reference to Jonadab speaking; hr would speak again; so this is not the annihilation of him speaking again
2 Sam 3:39	longed	referencing David's desireto go out to Absalom
2 Sam 21:5	consumed	referring to physical destruction ("hang," 2 Sam 21:6), not eternal
2 Sam 22:38	they were consumed	referring to physical destruction ("thrust them through," 2 Sam 23:39), not eternal
1 Kings 1:41	as they finished	reference to eating; they would eat again; therefore it is not the annihilation of eating
1 Kings 3:1	he had finished	reference to Solomon building his own house and the house of the Lord and the wall around Jerusalem
1 Kings 6:9	and finished	reference to Solomon budding the temple
1 Kings 6:14	and finished	reference to Solomon budding the temple
1 Kings 6:38	was finished	reference to Solomon finished building the house
1 Kings 7:1	and he finished	reference to Solomon finished building the house
1 Kings 7:40	finished	reference to Hiram finishing all his work for Solomon
1 Kings 8:54	had finished	reference Solomon finishing his prayers
1 Kings 9:1	had finished	reference to Solomon building the house of the Lord
1 Kings 17:14	shall not be exhausted	reference jar of flour shall not being spent
1 Kings 17:14		reference jug of oil no being empty
1 Kings 17:16		reference jar of flour not being spent; neither the jug of oil becoming empty
1 Kings 22:11	they are consumed	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
2 Kings 10:25	about, as soon as he had finished	reference to burnt offering
2 Kings 13:17	you have destroyed	reference to physical death ("bow," "shoot," "arrow," "fight," "strike;" 2 Kings 13:15-18), not eternal
2 Kings 13:19	you would have destroyed	reference to physical destruction ("bow," "shoot," "arrow," "fight;" "strike," 2 Kings 13:15-18), not eternal
1 Chron 16:2	had finished	referencing David finishing the burnt offerings and the peace offerings
1 Chron 27:24	but did not finish	reference Joab not finish the count of Israel
1 Chron 28:20	is finished	reference all the work to be finished
2 Chron 4:11	finished	referencing Hiram finishing the work Solomon gave him to do
had finished	2 Chron 7:1	reference consuming the burnt offering
2 Chron 7:11	finished	referencing Solomon finishing the house of the Lord
2 Chron 8:8	had not destroyed	reference those not physically destroyed
2 Chron 8:16	it was finished	reference the work of Solomon being finished
2 Chron 18:10	they are consumed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
2 Chron 20:23	and when they had finished	referring to physical destruction ("ambush," 2 Chron 20:22), not eternal
2 Chron 24:10	they had finished	reference bringing their tax and dropping into the chest
2 Chron 24:14	When they had finished	reference bringing their tax and dropping into the chest
2 Chron 29:17	and finished	regarding consecration ot temple
2 Chron 29:28	was finished	regarding finishing the burnt offering
2 Chron 29:29	Now at the completion	regarding finishing the burnt offering
2 Chron 29:34	was completed	reference flaying the burnt offerings
2 Chron 31:1	was finished	referring to after the blessing of the people
2 Chron 31:1	they had destroyed them all	references tearing down the high places
2 Chron 31:7	and finished	reference finishing piling up the heaps
2 Chron 36:22	in order to fulfill	reference the Word of God being fulfilled
Fzra 1:1	in order to fulfill	reference the Word of the Lord being fulfilled
Ezra 9:1	had been completed	reference to after the burnt offering and other things
Ezra 9:14	of destruction	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Ezra 10:17	They finished	referring to the finishing of the examination of one another of the men who had married foreign women
Neh 4:2	Can they finish	referring to finishing up in a day
Est 7:7	had been determined	reference Haman thinking there was intense harm toward him
Job 4:9	hey come to an end	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 7:6	And come to an end	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 7:9	vanishes	clouds appear to vanish to the naked eye; because their ice-type crystals go to a gaseous state when they heat up
Job 9:22	He destroys	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 11:20	will fail	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 17:5	will fail	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 19:27	faints	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Job 31:16	to fail	reference to going old and physical death, not eternal
Job 33:21	wastes away	reference to going old
Job 36:11	They will end	reference completing one's days in prosperity
Psa 18:37	they were consumed	reference overcoming physical enemies
Psa 31:10	is spent	reference life wasting away
Psa 37:20	They vanish	reference physical destruction, not eternal; smoke appears to the eyes to disappear: smoke is made of ash and drops of water; ash cannot burn up; as smoke rises the water evaporates and the ash mixes with the dust; so ash and water continue to exist in but in a different state (1 Cor 15:44, 53)
Psa 37:20	they vanish	reference physical destruction, not eternal; smoke appears to the eyes to disappear: smoke is made of ash and drops of water; ash cannot burn up; as smoke rises the water evaporates and the ash mixes with the dust; so ash and water continue to exist in but in a different state (1 Cor 15:44, 53)
Psa 39:10	I am perishing	reference being rebuked for sin (Psa 39:11), physical destruction, not eternal
Psa 59:13	Destroy	reference the physical destruction of enemies (Psa 59:10), not eternal
Psa 59:13	destroy	reference the physical destruction of enemies (Psa 59:10), not eternal
Psa 69:3	fail	reference waiting on God to deliver from enemies (Psa 69:4)
Psa 71:9	fails	reference to God not forsaking one when they get up in years; imprecation against enemies
Psa 71:13	consumed	reference asking God to deal with our accusers; imprecation against enemies
Psa 72:20	are ended	reference the end of David's prayers
Psa 73:26	may fail	reference to person's strength and power growing frail, but God's doesn't
Psa 74:11	destroy	reference imprecation against enemies; up to and including physical death, not eternal
Psa 76:33	So he brought	reference the physical destruction of some; secondary cause to other's repentance (Psa 76:34; 2 Cor 7:10)
Psa 84:2	faints	reference to God's justice
Psa 90:7	For we have been consumed	reference to God's just anger for sin (Psa 90:7)
Psa 90:9	We have finished	reference to growing old
Psa 102:3	have been consumed	smoke appears to the eyes to disappear: smoke is made of ash and drops of water ash cannot burn up; as smoke rises the water evaporates and the ash mixes with the dust; so ash and water continue to exist in different state (1 Cor 15:44, 53)
Psa 119:81	longing	reference to deliverance by God
Psa 199:92	longing	reference to longing for God's promises
Psa 119:87	destroyed	reference to the attacks of one's enemies
Psa 119:123	longing	reference to longing for God's promises
Psa 143:7	fails	reference to asking God for deliverance if not, he may meet with physical death
Prov 5:11	are consumed	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Prov 16:30	brings	reference bringing evil to come to pass
Prov 22:8	will perish	reference to the fact that evil will ultimately fail
Isa 1:28	will come to an end	reference to judgment of the unfaithful city; physical death, not eternal
Isa 10:18	And he will destroy	reference to God's judgment on Assyria; physical destruction, not eternal
Isa 10:25	will be spent	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Isa 15:6	died	reference to dying grass
Isa 16:4	has ceased	reference the ceasing of destruction
Isa 21:16	will terminate	reference to glory of Kedar coming to an end
Isa 24:13	is done	reference end of grape harvest
Isa 27:10	consume	reference redemption of Israel
Isa 29:20	is consumed	regarding God's justice (Isa 26:5; 28:6, 17)
Isa 31:3	of them will come to an end	regarding Egypt; reference physical destruction, not eternal
Isa 32:10	is ended	reference failing grape harvest
Isa 49:4	I have spent	reference using up one's strength
Jer 5:3	you have consumed	reference to physical destruction of some, not eternal
Jer 8:20	is ended	reference end of summer
Jer 9:16	I have consumed	reference to scattering and killing with the sword; physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 10:25	him and consumed	reference to the death of some of Israel physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 14:6	fail	reference famine, sword, and pestilence; physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 14:12	I am going to make an end	reference famine, sword, and pestilence; physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 16:4	and come to an end	reference diseases, sword, famine; physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 20:18	have been spent	reference spending days in shame
Jer 26:8	finished	reference to Jeremiah being finished speaking; he would speak again, so not the annihilation of speaking
Jer 43:1	had finished	reference to Jeremiah being finished speaking; he would speak again, so not the annihilation of speaking
Jer 44:27	they are completely gone	reference to sword and by famine; physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 49:37	I have consumed	reference judgment on Edom with the sword: physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 51:63	And as soon as you finish	reference the finishing reading of a book
Lam 2:11	fail	reference to weeping
Lam 2:22	consumed	reference physical destruction, not eternal
Lam 3:22	fail	reference God's unending mercies
Lam 4:11	has accomplished	reference judgment upon Israel
Jer 4:17	failed	reference to weariness
Ezek 4:6	when thou hast accomplished	reference the things ordered by the Lord
Ezek 4:8	you have completed	reference completing days of a siege
Ezek 5:12	or be consumed	reference to being consumed by famine; physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 5:13	will be spent	reference pestilence, famine, sword, scattering (Ezek 5:12, 16-17); physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 5:13	when I have spent	reference pestilence, famine, sword, scattering (Ezek 5:12, 16-17); physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 6:12	Thus will I spend	reference pestilence, sword, famine (Isa 6:11-12); physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 7:8	on you and spend	reference to judgment; physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 13:14	you will be consumed	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 13:15	Thus I will spend	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 20:8	on them, to accomplish	reference to see dying in the wilderness (Ezek 20:9-26); physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 20:13	to consume	reference to see dying in the wilderness (Ezek 20:9-26); physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 20:21	on them, to accomplish	reference to see dying in the wilderness (Ezek 20:9-26); physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 22:31	on them; I have consumed	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezek 42:15	Now when he had finished	reference measuring the interior of the temple area
Ezek 43:23	When you have finished	reference to purifying the altar
Ezek 43:27	When they have completed	reference to the completion of days
Dan 11:16	accomplish	reference defeat of the kings of the south and north; physical destruction ("sword and flame, by captivity and plunder," Dan 11:33), not eternal
Dan 11:36	is finished	referencing end of the indignation of the king
Dan 12:7	and as soon as they finish	reference an end to power
Dan 12:7	will be completed	reference an end of certain wonders (Dan 12:6)
Hos 11:6	And will demolish	reference to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Amos 7:2	it had finished	reference an end to eating
Zech 5:4	and consume	referencing God accomplishing his curse
Mal 3:6	are not consumed	regarding God's covenant promise; he preserves a remnant

Hebrew word "charam" = may mean annihilate, but in context:

Text	Translation	Comments
Exod 22:20	shall be utterly destroyed	be accursed, anathematized, devoted to destruction, as the word used signifies: the Targum of Jonathan is, he shall be killed with the sword, and his goods consumed, not only lose his life but his substance, and so be destroyed in body and estate
Lev 21:18	he who has a disfigured	reference deformity
Lev 27:28	sets apart	reference to offerings
Lev 27:29	may have been set apart	reference to physical destruction, not eternal
Num 21:2	then I will utterly destroy	anathematized them, and devoted them to destruction, but did not literally conquer them until later (Josh 12:14), and not all were killed (Josh 9:21)
Num 21:3	then they utterly destroyed	anathematized them, and devoted them to destruction, but did not literally conquer them until later (Josh 12:14), and not all were killed (Josh 9:21)
Deut 2:34	and utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 3:6	we utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 3:6	destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 7:2	them, then you shall utterly destroy	clearly not everyone, as they were commanded "not intermarry with them" (Deut 7:3)
Deut 7:2	destroy	clearly not everyone, as they were commanded "not intermarry with them" (Deut 7:3)
Deut 13:15	utterly destroying	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Deut 20:17	But you shall utterly	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Deut 20:17	destroy	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Josh 2:10	you utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Josh 6:18	that you do not covet	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Josh 6:21	They utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction (sword"), not eternal
Josh 8:26	he had utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal; hanged the king of Ai and threw his body at the gate of the city (Josh 8:29)
Josh 10:1	and had utterly destroyed	referring to Ai and Jericho; referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Josh 10:28	he utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Josh 10:35	and he utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("sword," Josh 10:37), not eternal
Josh 10:37	And he utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Josh 10:39	and utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Josh 10:40	but he utterly destroyed	struck them with the "edge of the sword" (Josh 10:39, 41), referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Josh 11:11	utterly destroying	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Josh 11:12	utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
Josh 11:20	that he might utterly destroy	referring to physical destruction ("in battle"), not eternal
Josh 11:21	utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("in battle," Josh 11:20), not eternal
Judge 1:17	and utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("defeated"), not eternal
Judge 21:11	you shall utterly destroy	referring only to males and women who were not virgins; referring to physical destruction ,not eternal
1 Sam 15:3	and utterly destroy	referring to physical destruction ("sword," 1 Sam 15:8), not eternal
1 Sam 15:8	and utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction ("sword"), not eternal
1 Sam 15:9	to destroy	Saul disobeyed and "did not" utterly destroy them "did not" destroy Agag, etc.
1 Sam 15:9	them utterly	Saul disobeyed and "did not" utterly destroy them "did not" destroy Agag, etc.
1 Sam 15:15	we have utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
1 Sam 15:18	and utterly destroy	referring to physical destruction ("fight against them) until they are consumed"), not eternal
1 Sam 15:20	and have utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
1 Kings 9:21	to destroy utterly	"were unable to devote to destruction" referring to physical destruction, not eternal
2 Kings 19:11	destroying them completely	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
1 Chron 4:41	and destroyed them utterly	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
2 Chron 20:23	destroying	referring to physical destruction ("all helped to destroy one another"), not eternal
2 Chron 32:14	utterly destroyed	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Ezra 10:8	should be forfeited	reference forfeiture of property
Isa 11:14-15	will utterly destroy	destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; illusion to Red Sea
Isa 34:2	He has utterly destroyed	referring to the judgment of last day; continuous destruction in Hell (Isa 14:15-16; 66:24; Luke 13:28; 16:9-31)
Isa 37:11	destroying them completely.	referring to physical destruction, not eternal
Jer 25:9	and I will utterly destroy	"an everlasting desolation" (Jer 25:29)
Jer 50:21	and utterly destroy	judgment is uttered against Babylon; "Merathaim" and Pekod" are puns on Babylonian place-names (Marratu, Puqudu)
Jer 50:26	And utterly destroy	judgment is uttered against Babylon
Jer 51:3	destroy utterly	judgment is uttered against Babylon
Dan 11:44	and annihilate	"many," and not "all" to destruction
Mic 4:13	beat in pieces many peoples	"many," and not "all." God is looking with disdainful laughter at heir puny efforts to overthrow the ruler he has established.

Hebrew word "balaq" = may mean annihilate, but in context:

Text	Translation	Comments
Isa 24:1	devastates	make the earth desolate
Nah 2:10	desolation	Destruction of Nineveh Some lived; Nah 2:7